DNA pdf download

DNA as the Genetic Material ¥DNA was first extracted from nuclei in ¥named ÔnucleinÕ after their source. ¥Chemical analysis Ð determined that DNA was a weak acid rich in phosphorous. ¥Its name provides a lot of information about DNA: Ðdeoxyribose nucleic acid: Ðit contains a sugar moiety (deoxyribose), Ðit is weakly acidic.  · • DNA polymerase is responsible for catalyzing synthesis of new strands Replication forks form and involve a leading and a lagging strand • DNA is directional; two strands are antiparallel • DNA polymerase can only synthesize from 5’ to 3’ direction, adding new nucleotides to the 3’ end.  · DOWNLOAD NOW». This book is designed to engage students in active responders to the play DNA by Dennis Kelly. It incorporates creative and reflective tasks and devices, to help them make sense of the play for themselves. The book provides individual/ pair or group tasks which are motivating, active and engaging for young people.

DNA from the Beginning. This note covers the following topics: Children resemble their parents, Genes come in pairs, Some genes are dominant, Genetic inheritance, Genes are real things, cells arise from pre-existing cells, Sex cells, Specialized chromosomes determine gender, Chromosomes carry genes, Evolution begins with the inheritance of gene variation, Mendelian laws apply to human beings. Chapter 13 Lecture Notes: DNA Function I. Transcription (General info) A. Transcription is the synthesis of RNA using DNA as a template. B. Early evidence suggesting an RNA intermediate between DNA and proteins 1. DNA was in the nucleus but proteins were made in the cytoplasm 2. RNA synthesis in the nucleus was exported to the cytoplasm. DNA (DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid) • DNA is the genetic material of all living cells and of many viruses. • DNA is: an alpha double helix of two polynucleotide strands. • The genetic code is the sequence of bases on one of the strands. • A gene is a specific sequence of bases which has the information for a particular protein. • DNA is self-replicating - it can make an identical copy.

DNA replication: ¥Copying genetic information for transmission to the next generation ¥Occurs in S phase of cell cycle ¥Process of DNA duplicating itself ¥Begins with the unwinding of the double helix to expose the bases in each strand of DNA ¥Each unpaired nucleotide will attract a complementary nucleotide from the medium. Grooves in DNA and Helical Forms of DNA 23 Dissociation and Reassociation of Base-paired Strands 26 Reading Sequence Without Dissociating Strands 27 Electrophoretic Fragment Separation 28 Bent DNA Sequences 29 Measurement of Helical Pitch 31 Topological Considerations in DNA Structure 32 Generating DNA with Superhelical Turns DNA sequences of genes and other parts of the genome of organisms has become indispensable for basic research studying biological processes, as well as in applied fields such as diagnostic or forensic research. DNA is the information store that ultimately dictates the structure of every gene product, delineates every part of the organisms.